U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) assisted in an investigation that led to federal charges against Eduardo Javier Ibarra Arrowsmith, a 61-year-old Cuban national and convicted felon from Miami. Ibarra is accused of posing as a licensed physician and impersonating a deceased Miami-Dade neurologist to fraudulently certify naturalization applicants as having disabilities that exempted them from the English and civics portions of the U.S. citizenship test. Using the deceased doctor’s name, medical license number, and other credentials, Ibarra allegedly completed and signed at least 34 fraudulent Forms N-648, resulting in 14 applicants obtaining U.S. citizenship without taking the required tests. He now faces charges involving immigration document fraud and aggravated identity theft. USCIS’ Fraud Detection and National Security Directorate identified Ibarra as the person allegedly impersonating the deceased physician and referred the case to Homeland Security Investigations. The prosecution is part of the Justice Department’s broader 2026 National Health Care Fraud Takedown, which has resulted in charges against 455 defendants connected to more than $6.5 billion in alleged fraud. The investigation involved numerous federal and state agencies, including USCIS, ICE HSI, the FBI, IRS, DEA, and several Offices of Inspector General.